3. Maker Skills — 3. Maker Skills | Subjective Questions & Answers | Class 6 Vocational Education

1 What are simple machines, according to the project "Maker Skills"? 1 mark

Model answer

Simple machines are devices like the lever, wheel and axle and pulley that make our work easier.

Explanation

The answer should say that they make work easier, with an example.

2 What is the fixed point around which a lever moves called? 1 mark

Model answer

It is called the hinge or fulcrum.

Explanation

Either term earns the mark.

3 What does DIY stand for? 1 mark

Model answer

DIY stands for "Do It Yourself".

Explanation

It is used as a search keyword in the project.

4 Which part of a bicycle transfers power to the rear wheel? 1 mark

Model answer

The chain transfers power to the rear wheel.

Explanation

The function is given in Table 3.2.

5 Define a lever and give two examples from the Maker Skills project. 2 marks

Model answer

A lever is a fixed bar or handle that moves around a fixed point called the hinge or fulcrum. Examples are a spoon used to open a tin lid and a seesaw.

Explanation

One mark for the definition and one for the examples.

6 What is a propeller? Name the toy made using it in the Maker Skills project. 2 marks

Model answer

A propeller is a wheel with blades; as it turns, the blades push through water or air. It is used to make an elastic band (propeller) boat.

Explanation

One mark for the definition and one for the toy.

7 What is a wheel and axle? Give one example. 2 marks

Model answer

A wheel and axle is made of wheels held together by a rod so that they move together. Car wheels are an example.

Explanation

One mark for the meaning and one for the example.

8 How did workers in ancient India build huge stone temples using simple machines? 2 marks

Model answer

They quarried, carved and shaped large stones using chisels and hammers. They lifted and placed heavy stones using inclined planes, levers and pulleys.

Explanation

One mark for tools and one for the simple machines used.

9 Name two problems that can occur in a bicycle and their solutions. 2 marks

Model answer

Rusting of parts can be fixed by cleaning with sandpaper and applying oil or paint. Flat tyres can be avoided by checking air pressure regularly.

Explanation

One mark for each problem with its solution (loose parts and stiff wheels are also correct).

10 What is a windmill, and which simple machines are combined in its working model? 2 marks

Model answer

A windmill is a machine that generates energy from wind. Its working model combines a propeller and a wheel and axle.

Explanation

One mark for each part.

11 Why is it important to clean the area and store tools properly after making toys? 2 marks

Model answer

Tools like cutters and scissors have sharp edges that can hurt someone if left lying around. Storing them as the teacher instructs keeps the workplace safe and the tools ready for next use.

Explanation

Credit for linking proper storage to safety, as in the project's safety rules.

12 How do simple machines make our work easier? Explain with examples from Maker Skills. 3 marks

Model answer

Simple machines help us do things beyond our capacity:

A cart with wheels and axle can move very heavy objects with less force.
Pulleys can lift heavy objects.
Levers, like a spoon used to open a tin lid, let a small force do a hard job.

Explanation

One mark for each example with its effect.

13 Describe the steps for making a catapult from waste materials. 3 marks

Model answer

The catapult is made with ice cream sticks, rubber bands and an ice cream spoon:

Stack about 5 to 6 ice cream sticks and tie them with a rubber band at each end; tie two other sticks together at one end.
Place the two sets of sticks together as shown in the figure.
Attach the ice cream spoon with a rubber band; the catapult works as a single lever.

Explanation

One mark for each step.

14 Describe how a robotic arm is made in the Maker Skills project. 3 marks

Model answer

The robotic arm uses several levers:

Pierce ice cream sticks in the centre and join them with small pieces of toothpick and glue.
Join more sticks in the same way, making sure they move freely.
Cut out the centres of bottle caps and glue them to the ends of the first set of sticks as grippers.

Explanation

One mark for each stage.

15 Describe the steps for making an elastic band propeller boat. 3 marks

Model answer

The propeller boat is made from ice cream sticks, glue, straw, bottle caps and rubber bands:

Paste ice cream sticks into a boat shape and make holes where shown.
Make slits in bottle caps and paste ice cream sticks on them to make a propeller; pass a straw through the caps and the side holes.
Tie a rubber band from the tip of the boat to the middle of the straw, wind it with the paddle wheels and place the boat in water.

Explanation

One mark for each stage.

16 How is a rubber band car made and set in motion? 3 marks

Model answer

The car uses two sets of wheel and axle:

Join two clothes clips with a straw and make wheels from four bottle caps with holes in their exact centres, fixed on toothpicks or skewers.
Glue a small piece of toothpick between the back wheels and loop a rubber band from the front straw over it.
Wind up the rubber band at the back and release the car on stable ground.

Explanation

One mark for each step.

17 Explain how the air balloon car works. 3 marks

Model answer

The air balloon car runs on air from a balloon:

Chopsticks are taped to a plastic bottle and bottle caps fixed on them as wheels.
A balloon is fixed to a straw with a rubber band and the straw is inserted into a hole in the bottle.
The balloon is blown up through the straw; when the finger is released, the escaping air pushes the car forward.

Explanation

Credit for the build and the explanation of what moves the car.

18 Name the materials and tools needed for making toys from trash in the Maker Skills project. 3 marks

Model answer

The project lists the following:

Materials such as cardboard, plastic pipe, empty bottles, plastic spoons, straws, bottle caps, ice cream sticks, thread and rubber bands.
Joining materials such as glue, tape, glue gun, cellophane tape, clothes clips and all pins, plus balloons, colours and chopsticks.
Tools: scissors, metre scale and cutter.

Explanation

Two marks for materials and one for tools.

19 Which simple machines are found in a bicycle, and how do its parts work together? 3 marks

Model answer

A bicycle is a bigger machine made of simple machines:

It uses wheels, wheels and axles, levers and pulleys.
Its parts, such as the wheels, gears and pedals, have many moving parts that work together.
Together they transform the effort of the rider into motion.

Explanation

One mark each for the machines, the moving parts and the overall purpose.

20 State the functions of the chain, chain rings and sprocket, and hubs of a bicycle. 3 marks

Model answer

These parts help the bicycle move:

The chain transfers power to the rear wheel.
Chain rings and sprocket guide the chain and transmit power from the pedal to the chain.
Hubs are the central part of the wheel and allow it to spin around the axle.

Explanation

One mark for each function.

21 State the functions of the frame, saddle and seatpost of a bicycle. 3 marks

Model answer

These parts support the rider:

The frame is the main structure that supports the rider and connects all the parts.
The saddle is where the rider sits.
The seatpost connects the saddle to the frame and is usually adjustable in height.

Explanation

One mark for each function.

22 Explain the role of brakes, brake pads and rims in stopping a bicycle. 3 marks

Model answer

These parts work together for braking:

Brakes slow down or stop the bicycle; types are rim brakes, disc brakes and drum brakes.
Brake pads are placed around the wheels and grab them to resist their motion.
Rims support the tyres and provide the braking surface for rim brakes.

Explanation

One mark for each part.

23 Which questions can students ask a bicycle mechanic during a visit to a repair shop? Give any three. 3 marks

Model answer

Some questions suggested in the project are:

Is there anything that should be regularly checked before riding?
How is a punctured tyre repaired?
How often should a bicycle chain be oiled, and how can squeaking brakes be fixed?

Explanation

Any three suitable questions from the book earn full marks.

24 How can using a bicycle make a difference to our health and the environment? 3 marks

Model answer

The project asks students to think about this:

Riding a bicycle uses the rider's own effort, so it is good exercise for health.
A bicycle works only on human effort, so it does not need fuel.
Using bicycles for short trips can reduce pollution and help the environment.

Explanation

Credit for reasoned points on both health and environment.

25 Explain the three simple machines used to make toys in the Maker Skills project, with one toy for each. 5 marks

Model answer

The project uses simple machines to make toys from waste.

Lever: a bar that moves around a fulcrum, like a spoon opening a tin; used in the catapult.
Levers joined together allow free movement in the robotic arm and lazy tongs.
Propeller: a wheel with blades that pushes through water or air; used in the elastic band boat.
Wheel and axle: wheels joined by a rod that move together; used in the rubber band car and air balloon car.
A windmill model combines a propeller with a wheel and axle.

Explanation

Marks for each machine correctly explained with its toy.

26 Describe the parts of a bicycle and their functions. 5 marks

Model answer

Bicycles have many parts that work together to move the rider.

Frame supports the rider and connects all the parts; the saddle is the seat and the seatpost joins it to the frame.
Handlebars are used to hold and steer; pedals are where the feet apply force.
Chain, chain rings and sprocket transmit power from the pedals to the rear wheel.
Wheels have hubs, spokes, rims and tyres; tyres give traction and cushioning, spokes give strength.
Brakes and brake pads slow or stop the bicycle; the kickstand holds it upright and the light improves safety.

Explanation

Marks for correct functions of the main parts.

27 How should a bicycle be maintained to keep it in good working condition? 5 marks

Model answer

Regular checking and care keep a bicycle running smoothly.

Clean rusted parts with sandpaper and apply oil or paint.
Tighten loose parts with the right tools, such as spanners and wrenches.
Oil moving parts so the wheels move freely.
Check tyre air pressure regularly to avoid flat tyres, using an air pump.
Check parts such as brakes, chain, spokes, kickstand and handlebars, and take help from a bicycle repair shop when needed.

Explanation

Credit for the problems and solutions from the book and for regular checking.

28 Explain how you would plan and organise an exhibition of toys made from waste in your school. 5 marks

Model answer

The project gives tips for a successful exhibition.

Decide the purpose, such as showing creativity or teaching how to make toys from waste, and choose a theme like eco-friendly toys.
Choose the space in school, plan the layout so visitors can move around, and decorate according to the theme.
Invite parents, local artists and community members.
Display toys attractively with labels giving the maker's name and a description, and make sure they are safe; volunteers can help visitors.
Collect feedback and take photos and videos to share in the school newsletter or website.

Explanation

Marks for planning, display, invitation, safety and follow-up.

29 How were simple machines used in ancient times? Explain using the example of temple building in India. 5 marks

Model answer

Simple machines have been in use since ancient times.

Huge stone temples were built with skilled labour, simple tools and machines and clever engineering.
Large stone blocks were quarried, transported, carved and shaped.
Workers used tools like chisels and hammers to carve the stones.
Inclined planes, levers and pulleys were used to lift and place heavy stones.
These simple machines are still in use today.

Explanation

Credit for the process and the simple machines used.

30 Compare the rubber band car and the air balloon car. 5 marks

Model answer

Both cars use two sets of wheel and axle but differ in other ways.

The rubber band car is made from clothes clips, straws, toothpicks or chopsticks and bottle caps.
The air balloon car is made from a plastic bottle, chopsticks, bottle caps, a straw and a balloon.
The rubber band car moves when a wound-up rubber band is released.
The air balloon car moves when air from a blown-up balloon escapes through the straw.
Both use bottle caps as wheels fixed with glue so they stay attached.

Explanation

Marks for a clear point-by-point comparison.

31 Imagine you have made a robotic arm. Write instructions for a friend who is using it for the first time. 5 marks

Model answer

The project asks students to write such instructions.

Hold the free ends of the ice cream sticks with both hands.
Push the ends together gently to stretch the arm forward; pull them apart to draw it back.
Use the bottle cap grippers at the front to pick up light objects.
Do not force the joints, as the sticks must move freely and the toothpick joints can break.
Do not point the arm at anyone's face, so that nobody gets hurt.

Explanation

Credit for clear, sequenced and safe instructions based on how the toy is built.

32 Why does the Maker Skills project ask students to make toys from waste materials? Explain its benefits. 5 marks

Model answer

Making toys from waste teaches many skills.

Students learn how simple machines like levers, propellers and wheel and axle work by building them.
Waste such as bottles, caps, straws and ice cream sticks is reused instead of thrown away.
Students develop skills of measuring, cutting, joining and following steps.
They also learn to sketch toys with accurate measurements and write instructions for users.
Exhibiting the toys builds creativity and confidence and shares ideas with others.

Explanation

Credit for reasons linked to learning, reuse and skills.

33 Read the situation and answer the questions. Neha's bicycle squeaks, its wheels do not move freely and the chain has brown patches. (i) What are the brown patches likely to be? (ii) How can they be cleaned? (iii) How can the wheels be made to move freely? (iv) Which part transfers power to the rear wheel? 4 marks

Model answer

Neha's bicycle needs basic maintenance.

(i) Rust.
(ii) Clean them with sandpaper and apply oil or paint.
(iii) Oil the moving parts.
(iv) The chain.

Explanation

One mark per sub-part.

34 Read the situation and answer the questions. Kabir uses a long stick placed over a stone to lift a heavy rock in the garden. (i) Which simple machine is he using? (ii) What does the stone act as? (iii) Give one toy from Maker Skills that uses this machine. (iv) Name a playground example of this machine. 4 marks

Model answer

Kabir is using a lever.

(i) A lever.
(ii) The fulcrum, the fixed point around which the lever moves.
(iii) The catapult (or robotic arm or lazy tongs).
(iv) A seesaw.

Explanation

One mark per sub-part.

35 Read the situation and answer the questions. Riya made a rubber band car, but its wheels wobble and it moves in a zig-zag path. (i) What is the likely mistake in making the wheels? (ii) From what are the wheels made? (iii) Which simple machine does the car use? (iv) How is the car set in motion? 4 marks

Model answer

The wheels were not made correctly.

(i) The holes were probably not made in the exact centres of the bottle caps.
(ii) Bottle caps fixed on a toothpick or wooden skewer.
(iii) Wheel and axle.
(iv) By winding the rubber band at the back and releasing the car on stable ground.

Explanation

One mark per sub-part.

36 Read the situation and answer the questions. A class blows up a balloon attached to a straw fixed in a plastic bottle with bottle-cap wheels, then lets go of the straw, and the toy rolls forward. (i) Name this toy. (ii) What makes it move? (iii) How is the balloon fixed to the straw? (iv) Which simple machine helps it roll? 4 marks

Model answer

The class has made an air balloon car.

(i) Air balloon car.
(ii) Air escaping from the balloon through the straw.
(iii) With a rubber band.
(iv) Wheel and axle.

Explanation

One mark per sub-part.

37 Read the extract and answer the questions. "A lever is a fixed bar or handle that moves around a fixed point, called the hinge/fulcrum. A simple example of using a lever is when you use a spoon to open the lid of a tin." (i) What is a lever? (ii) What is the fixed point called? (iii) In the spoon example, where is the force applied? (iv) Which toy in the project has a single lever? 4 marks

Model answer

The extract explains the lever.

(i) A fixed bar or handle that moves around a fixed point.
(ii) The hinge or fulcrum.
(iii) At the other end of the spoon, while its tip is under the lid.
(iv) The simple catapult.

Explanation

One mark per sub-part.

38 Read the situation and answer the questions. Students are planning a toy exhibition with the theme "eco-friendly toys". (i) Name two other themes suggested in the project. (ii) What should each toy's label show? (iii) Why should volunteers be present? (iv) Why should feedback be collected? 4 marks

Model answer

The case is based on Activity 8 of the project.

(i) Historical toys and futuristic toys.
(ii) The creator's name and a brief description.
(iii) To supervise, assist visitors and manage any issue.
(iv) To understand what went well and what could be improved.

Explanation

One mark per sub-part.

39 Read the situation and answer the questions. Arun's bicycle tyre goes flat often, and he cannot see well while riding in the evening. (i) How can flat tyres be avoided? (ii) Which tool is used to fill air? (iii) Which part improves visibility? (iv) What do tyres provide? 4 marks

Model answer

Arun's bicycle needs checks and a light.

(i) By checking the air pressure in tyres regularly.
(ii) An air pump.
(iii) The cycle light, which improves visibility and safety.
(iv) Traction and cushioning.

Explanation

One mark per sub-part.

40 Read the situation and answer the questions. Students build a cardboard box with a straw axle and fix a paper fan with blades at the front. When they blow on it, the fan turns the straw. (i) What model have they made? (ii) What does a real one do? (iii) Which two simple machines does it combine? (iv) From what are its blades made? 4 marks

Model answer

The students have made a working model of a windmill.

(i) A windmill.
(ii) It generates energy from wind.
(iii) A propeller and a wheel and axle.
(iv) Chart paper.

Explanation

One mark per sub-part.